Directed
by: William Dieterle
Produced by: Pandro S. Berman
Screenplay by: Sonya Levien
Adapted by: Bruno Frank

With
the end of the 15th Century, the middle ages came to a close. Europe began
to see
Victor Hugo's novel of Fifteenth Century
France comes to life on the screen under the fine
direction of William Dieterle and the splendid
efforts of a stellar cast and crew. The
conflicts of the poor as the reigning rich
impact their meager existence is profound in this
film from scene one. The prejudice against
the horribly misshapen Quasimodo and the
discrimination against the Gypsies entering
this shaky society unfolds with the plot. There in
the theater audience you are safe and well-fed,
but up on the screen it seems almost too real
for an audience. The genius of Charles Laughton
is not surprising as he becomes the
quintessential Quasimodo. Maureen O'Hara's
debut in American films as the beautiful, enchanting
Esmarelda was well received and the beginning
of an illustrious career. As an outcast,
Quasimodo falls in love with Esmarelda whose
warm and gentle heart sees past his grotesque form
and he then becomes her protector. His solace
and sanctuary has always been the bell tower
where he is safe from prying eyes and the
ridiculing masses. Now Esmarelda, falsely accused of
a crime depends on Quasimodo to keep her safe
as he twice saves her from death. Unlike the
novel, this film has a happy ending, with
the tender Quasimodo watching his Esmeralda ride way
with her love. She does, however, give a glance
over her shoulder in reverence and appreciation
to her friend who remains behind.
They pulled no punches on this one - not hesitating
to show some of the horrid practices
and customs of those times and the ugly side
of human nature. This is one that when you emerge
from the theater you feel you have been there
- in that other time - in that other century.
Behind the Scenes' of the Hunchback
This was Maureen's first American film. In
1939 she was under contract with Laughton and
Eric Pommer, and was brought to the United
States for the very purpose of playing Esmeralda.
With the arrival of Laughton and O'Hara, the
cast became to form. Edmund O'Brien was retrieved
from the New York stage, and established actors
Thomas Mitchell and Harry Davenport were also
cast in major roles. Both Mitchell and Davenport
had that same year appeared in "Gone With The
Wind."
Director William Dieterle, had tremendous skill
in directing masses of people. This is very
evident in the huge crowd scenes that were
in epic proportions in Hunchback . Maureen recalls
that Dieterle always wore white gloves and
she couldn't figure out why. She later concluded
that in was of assist in directing the huge
masses of people as it made his hands visible from
greater distances. Maureen mentioned the accommodations,
make-up, feeding and costuming of so
many cast member which was done efficiently
in tents with one huge tents for costuming.
MGM's Irving Thalburg had earlier suggested
to Laughton that he could play the Hunchback.
Five years later, Laughton returned to America,
and worked diligently to perfect his imitation
of this historical character. He insisted
on having make-up artist Perce Westmore from Warner
Bros. Westmore's services apparently cost
$10,000 which was big bucks in those days. Getting
the right look for Quasimodo was a joint effort
on the parts of Laughton and Westmore. They
implemented many features in the design -
a false eye, contact lens, false teeth, and earplugs
so Laughton could have at least a partial
sense of being deaf. Laughton was weighted down under
pounds of heavy make up and appendages, which
had to be applied every day. The studio would not
allow photos taken of Laughton in his makeup
prior to the film's release so there would be an
element of surprise for the audience.
Two stuntmen also had to endure the same chore
as did Laughton. They had to wear the same
costume and make-up for doing the dangerous
stunts in the film. They did not use a double for
Maureen in that famous scene where Quasimodo
swoops down and grabs Esmeralda, rescuing her from
the hangman's noose. When stuntman Dick Crockett
held Maureen high above his head from the bell
tower Maureen noted that "I later saw that
there was no board for foundation up front, and if
Dick's arm had wavered even an inch, I would
have fallen hundreds of feet down."
Hunchback of Notre Dame premiered on
December 31, 1939 at Radio City Music Hall, RKO's last
move of the year, and of the decade. Hunchback
one of RKO's most successful films, cost over
1.8 million dollars, at the time of it's initial
release brought in over 3 million dollars at
the box office. Hunchback indeed gave RKO
the kind of reputation which George Schaeffer had
intended. Variety gave the film fantastic
reviews..and predicted a rosy future for the young
Miss O'Hara.
Maureen reflects great pride in being a part
of this epic film. It was nominated for two
Academy awards - Alfred Newman for best score,
and sound technician, John Oliver was nominated
for best sound. The film is world renown is
remembered as one of the great classics in cinema
history.